Which tool is typically used to measure Horizontal Angles?

The correct answer, a theodolite or total station, is specifically designed for measuring horizontal angles with high precision. Theodolites consist of a movable telescope that can be rotated both horizontally and vertically, enabling surveyors to accurately measure angles between designated points.

Total stations integrate the functions of a theodolite with electronic distance measurement capabilities, allowing for both angle and distance measurement in one instrument. This versatility makes them the preferred choice for surveying tasks where precise angle measurement is crucial, such as in construction layout, land surveying, and geospatial mapping.

In contrast, a tape measure is primarily used for linear measurements and does not measure angles at all. A hand level is used to establish a horizontal plane and is not equipped for precise angle measurements. A GPS unit provides geographical coordinates and can be used for various types of surveying but does not measure angles directly. Thus, the combination of functionalities in theodolites and total stations makes them the essential tools for measuring horizontal angles in surveying.