What is the primary function of a theodolite in surveying?

The primary function of a theodolite in surveying is to precisely measure horizontal and vertical angles. This instrument plays a crucial role in triangulation, which is essential for determining the geographical positions of points and for establishing control points for mapping and construction projects. By enabling accurate angular measurements, theodolites allow surveyors to create detailed and precise layouts of the land, which are vital for a range of surveying applications such as establishing property boundaries, construction layouts, and other topographical surveys.

While other survey instruments serve different purposes—such as calculating areas and volumes in topographic maps or recording data remotely—the theodolite is specifically designed for angle measurement. This capability sets it apart as an essential tool in the field of surveying, enhancing the precision and reliability of data collected during survey operations.