What are Prisms used for in EDM?

Prisms are crucial components in Electronic Distance Measurement (EDM) systems because they function as reflectors that return the signal sent from the EDM device. When the EDM emits a laser or an infrared signal towards a prism, the prism reflects this signal back to the device. This reflection allows the EDM to precisely calculate the distance to the prism based on the time it takes for the signal to travel to the prism and back. The accuracy and reliability of the measurements obtained are significantly enhanced by using prisms, making them indispensable tools in surveying applications.

The other options provided do not accurately describe the primary role of prisms in EDM. Measuring temperature variations pertains to environmental considerations rather than the function of prisms. Enhancing GPS accuracy is a different technology that utilizes satellites and receivers, not prisms. Recording directional bearings involves compass readings or digital inclinometers and is unrelated to the specific function of prisms in EDM systems. Therefore, the use of prisms primarily as reflectors for returning signals to the device is the essential reason for their application in electronic distance measuring equipment.