How is Grade Transfer defined in surveying?

Grade Transfer in surveying refers to the process of applying cut and fill measurements to construction sites to ensure that the desired elevation levels are achieved accurately. This technique is crucial during grading operations, where soil is either removed (cut) or added (fill) to create a level or sloped surface as per design specifications.

In construction and site preparation, applying grade transfer enables surveyors to determine how much material needs to be excavated or added to achieve the correct grade across a site. It involves the precise transfer of elevation benchmarks to different areas of the site. This ensures that all aspects of the construction maintain the desired slope, necessary for drainage and structural integrity.

The other options revolve around different surveying techniques that do not relate directly to the concept of grade transfer. For instance, assessing ground stability pertains to geotechnical investigation rather than elevation transfer; measuring horizontal angles is unrelated to the process of establishing grades; and converting distances to aerial lengths connects with different measurement techniques in surveying rather than the elevation-focused methodology behind grade transfer.