How is distance determined in an Electronic Distance Measurement (EDM) system?

In an Electronic Distance Measurement (EDM) system, distance is determined by sending waves, typically laser or microwave signals, to a reflector and measuring the time it takes for those waves to return. This method is based on the principle that the speed of the electromagnetic waves is known (the speed of light), allowing the system to calculate the distance based on the time delay of the return signal. By using the formula Distance = (Speed of Light × Time) / 2, the EDM system can accurately determine the distance to the target.

This technique is highly precise and is essential in surveying for applications such as mapping, construction, and geospatial analyses. It offers advantages over methods that rely solely on angles or geometric calculations, allowing for quick and accurate measurements over varying distances.